- Born: 30 November 1858, Memansingh, Bengal Presidency (now in Bangladesh)
- Work / Post: Scientist
- Achievements: An important role in the rendering of life theory in trees, pioneers in the field of radio and microwave optics.
Who Is Jagadish Chandra Bose ?
Indian scientist Professor Jagdish Chandra Bose was rich in versatility who played an important role in the invention of radio and microwave optics and the rendering of life theory in trees. His genius can be gauged from the fact that apart from being a physical scientist, he was also a biologist, botanist, archaeologist and writer. JC Bose was working at a time when science research work in the country was almost nil. In such circumstances, Bose, rich in versatility, made a fundamental contribution in the field of science.
In view of his unique contribution and research in the field of radio science, ‘Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers’ (IEEE) considered him one of the fathers of radio science. Although the inventor of radio owes its credit to Italian inventor Marconi, many physicists say that Professor Jagdish Chandra Bose was the real inventor of radio. Today’s radio, television, ground communication, remote sensing, radar, microwave oven and internet are thankful to Jagdish Chandra Bose.
Early life
Acharya J.C. Bose was born on 30 November 1858 in Rarauli village of Memansingh (now in Bangladesh). His father Bhagban Chandra Bose served in various executive and magisterial positions in the British India Government. At the time of Jagdish’s birth, his father was the Deputy Magistrate of Faridpur and it was here that Bose spent his early childhood. He started his early education from a village school that his father had founded.
In the year 1869, he was sent to Kolkata (then Calcutta) where after spending three months in hair school, he got admission in St. Xavier’s College which was both a secondary school and a college. In 1879, Bose left for London to study medicine after passing his BA examination in the Physics Group of the University of Calcutta, but due to poor health, he left London and moved to Cambridge in January 1882, where he joined Christ’s College to study natural science. .
Jagadish Chandra Bose Carrier
In the year 1884, Bose received a second class Bachelor of Arts in Natural Science and also a Bachelor of Science degree from London University. On his return to India, he enrolled in the Presidency College, Kolkata in 1885. He was the first Indian to be appointed as a Physics Professor at the Presidency College. Although he was appointed, he was kept at half of the salary fixed for that post. Bose opposed this discrimination and demanded the same salary that was paid to a European working in that position.
Ultimately, the officers fully realized Bose’s qualifications and character and made his appointment permanent from pre-date.
He received his doctorate in science from the University of London in 1896.
He continued his research at the Presidency College, despite racial discrimination, in spite of lack of funds and scientific instruments. As a teacher, Bose was very popular among his students. Many of his students in the Presidency College went on to earn a lot of name. Chief among them were Satyendra Nath Bose and Meghnad Saha.
After the year 1894, he devoted himself completely to research and experiments. He converted a small enclosure adjacent to the bathroom into a laboratory at the Presidency College. Here he carried out experiments involving refraction, diffraction and polarization. It would not be wrong to call him the inventor of ‘wireless telegraphy’ as Bose publicly demonstrated his invention / research just a year before Marconi’s invention patent (1895).
He created a very sensitive “Köhrer” (a device that imparts knowledge to radio waves). They found that the Köhrer’s sensitivity decreased when used continuously for a long period of time and its sensitivity returned when used after a few intervals. This led to the conclusion that metals also have emotion and memory.
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Jagdish Chandra Bose later engaged in the study of metals and plants. He invented a device to record the pulse of plants. In this experiment, he put a plant with root in a pot full of bromide (poison). Soon, the heartbeat became very fast and then stabilized. The plant died due to poisoning.
Acharya Bose died on 3 November 1937 in Giridih (now in Jharkhand) of Bengal Presidency. He was 78 years old at the time of his death.
Like Acharya Bose, Bose Institute also engages in scientific research in various fields. He not only illuminated the name of the country, but also instilled the urge of science in the minds of the next generation.
The honor
- He received his doctorate in science from the University of London in 1896
- Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers inducts Jagdish Chandra Bose into its ‘Wireless Hall of Fame’
- In the year 1903, the British Government awarded Bose the Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire (CIE).
- In the year 1917, the British Government awarded him the title of Knight Bachelor.