Who Was Satyendra Nath Bose ?
Satyendra nath Bose was born on 1 January 1897 in Kolkata. He got his early education in a simple school near his home. He was then admitted to the New Indian School and then to the Hindu School. After completing his schooling, Satyendranath Bose took admission in the famous Presidency College, Kolkata. He continued to score the highest marks in all his exams and continued to get first place. Seeing his talent, it was said that he would one day become mathematicians like Pierre Simon, LePlas and Augustine Louis Cowthy.
Satyendra nath Bose did M.Sc. in Mathematics in 1915. Passed the exam in first class. Impressed by his talent, Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee appointed him to the post of professor. In those days, new discoveries were happening in physics. The quantum theory was presented by the German physicist Max Planck. This meant that energy can be divided into small parts. It was in Germany that Albert Einstein propounded the “theory of relativity”.
Satyendranath Bose was studying all these discoveries. Bose and Einstein together discovered Bose-Einstein Statistics. He wrote an article – “Planks Law and Light Quantum” that was not published by any magazine in India, then Satyendranath sent it directly to Einstein. He translated it into German himself and got it published. This brought Satyendranath a lot of fame.
Education :
Bose completed his schooling from ‘Hindu High School’ Kolkata and then entered the Presidency College where great teachers like ‘Jagdish Chandra Bose’ and ‘Acharya Prafulla Chandra Rai’ were teaching at that time. Satyendra Nath Bose in 1913. s. C. and M. S. in 1915. C. Passed in first class. Meghanath Saha and Prashant Chandra were classmates of Mahalanovis Bose. Meghnath Saha and Satyendra Nath Bose produced B.B. s. C. and M.S. C. studied together.
Bose always lived in the first place in the class and Saha in the second place. At that time there were very few universities and colleges in India. Therefore, the future of science-educated students was not very definite. Therefore, many students opted for another subject rather than science. But some students did not do so. And these are the same people who added new chapters in Indian science.
The life of CV Raman is a very good example of this, after getting a science education, he started doing government job, but due to his attachment to science, he was engaged in research work for ten years along with the job and on getting the opportunity, the government was frozen. Leaving a job, he started completely in the practice of science. Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee provided this opportunity to Raman and assisted Bose and Saha. Ashutosh Mukherjee was a lawyer by profession who later became a judge of the Kolkata High Court. At that time very few Indians were able to reach such a high position.
Satyendra Nath Bose Career :
He did M.Sc. in the year 1915. Passed (Mathematics) examination first in class. The principal of the college, Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee, was well aware of his talent, so he appointed Satyendra Nath to the post of Professor of Physics. He served in this post from 1916 to 1921. He joined the Physics Department at the newly established Dhaka University in 1921 as a reader.
After joining the post of lecturer at Dhaka University, he did important work in the field of Physics and Mathematics. This was the time of new discoveries in physics. Quantum theory was presented by the German physicist Max Planck. It was in Germany that Albert Einstein proposed the “theory of relativity”. Satyendranath Bose was studying and researching all these discoveries.
Satyendra nath wrote a paper entitled “Plan’s Law and Light Quantum” and sent it for publication in the British Journal, which was rejected by the editorial there. He then sent it directly to the great scientist Einstein. Einstein understood its importance and said that this paper is an important contribution in the field of mathematics and translated it into German language and published it in a journal called ‘Jeet für Physik’. After this, the two great scientists worked together on many theories.
University of Dhaka:
Dhaka University was established in 1921. Vice Chancellor Dr. Hartog wanted to establish good departments in Dhaka University. He chose Satyendra Nath Bose for the position of Reader in the Physics Department. In 1924 Saha came to Dhaka, his hometown and met his friend Bose. Bose tells Saha that he is teaching Planck’s radiation rule in class, but he does not agree with the etymology given in the books for this rule. Saha drew Bose’s attention to the recent work done by Einstein and Planck.
Bose applied for a 2-year leave at the University of Dhaka in early 1924 so that he could travel to Europe to learn about the latest development work, but for months there was no response from the University of Dhaka and during this time Bose wrote his most famous paper Which he sent to Einstein and also received a citation from him. It was a big deal in itself to get a testimonial from a great scientist like Einstein. When Bose showed this testimonial to the Vice Chancellor of the university, then Bose was allowed a two-year leave. Bose returned to Dhaka University in 1926 after nearly two years in Europe.
Bose and his ‘Master’:
In October 1925, Bose made the idea of going to Berlin so that he could meet his ‘master’. Bose referred to Einstein as ‘Master’. In fact Bose wanted to work with Einstein. When Bose reached Berlin, he was disappointed because Einstein had gone out of town. After some time Einstein came back and met Bose. In Bose’s words “It was an interesting meeting.”
He asked all kinds of questions like how did you (Bose) come up with the idea of a new statistic and what is its significance etc. “Bose did not get the opportunity to work with Einstein but Bose benefited greatly from his many meetings. Einstein also gave him an introduction letter which opened a lot of doors for Bose.
Bose returned to Dhaka in 1926 after nearly two years in Europe. After returning to Dhaka, Bose inspired some of his colleagues to apply for the post of professor at Dhaka University. But there was a problem in that. Ph. D. for Professor D. was required and Bose was only a postgraduate. His friends said that you should not worry because now you have become famous and you also know Einstein, you should take a citation from Einstein.